Everything You Need to Know About Ankylosing Spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is a rare form of arthritis that affects roughly 1.4 percent of the U.S. population – making it more common than multiple sclerosis, cystic fibrosis, and Lou Gehrig’s disease all combined. The condition, also known as Bechterew disease, is ten times more common in men than it is in women and typically presents between 20 and 40 years old. Symptoms range from mild to severe and can be managed with treatment, though the condition itself cannot be cured.
What Is Ankylosing Spondylitis?
Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease of the spine which most commonly affects the lower joints between the spine and pelvis. As the condition progresses, vertebrae can become fused together (“ankylosing” refers to fused bones or hardened tissue). Sufferers can experience pain, mobility issues, and may develop a hunched spine.
Who Is At Risk?
Genetics are believed to play the biggest role in a person’s risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis. Scientists have identified a gene (referred to as HLA-B27) which exists in 85 to 95 percent of people who have ankylosing spondylitis. However, having the HLA-B27 gene does not necessarily mean you will go on to develop the disease. Family history is also a considerable risk factor. For instance, a person with one parent who has ankylosing spondylitis and the HLA-B27 gene has about a one in five chance of getting the disease themselves.
Signs and Symptoms
The symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis can vary quite a bit from one case to another, but may include:
- Difficulty bending the spine
- Pain in the jaw, hips or ribcage
- Pain in the heels and feet
- Stiffness in the lower back
- Back pain what can be eased through light exercise or a hot shower
- Curved spine or hunched over posture
- Fatigue
- Pain that comes and goes, but gets worse over time
In rare cases, complications caused by ankylosing spondylitis can lead to difficulty breathing, erratic heart rate, and heart failure.
Treatment Options
The treatment for ankylosing spondylitis typically includes a combination of drug therapy and physiotherapy. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often the fist thing your doctor will have you try, as they can ease the pain and inflammation associated with the disease. Corticosteroids are also commonly prescribed, which can help reduce pain. Frequent light exercise can also improve mobility.
Speak To Your Doctor
Ankylosing spondylitis is an extremely rare condition. The symptoms outlined in this article can be caused by a variety of other ailments and conditions. Discuss your concerns with your doctor if you are experiencing back pain, mobility issues, or any of the other symptoms discussed here. They will be able to assess your symptoms and devise an appropriate treatment plan.